Can You Legally Use Cannabis in Vermont? Everything You Should Know About Possession, Sales, and Consumption

Vermont is known for its progressive stance on cannabis laws, being one of the first states to legalize both medical and recreational marijuana. However, despite legalization, there are still various regulations and restrictions that users must follow. Whether you are a resident or a visitor, understanding Vermont’s cannabis laws is essential to ensure compliance and avoid legal troubles.

Here’s a comprehensive guide on the legal status of cannabis in the Green Mountain State.

The Legal Status of Recreational Cannabis in Vermont

Recreational cannabis has been legal in Vermont since July 1, 2018, when the state passed Act 86. This law allows adults aged 21 and older to possess and consume cannabis within certain limits.

Possession Limits

• Individuals can possess up to one ounce (28 grams) of cannabis.
• Residents can grow up to two mature and four immature cannabis plants per household.
• Edibles and concentrates are legal, but their possession is subject to the one-ounce equivalent rule.

Purchasing Recreational Cannabis

Although Vermont legalized recreational cannabis in 2018, retail sales were not permitted until October 1, 2022. Now, licensed dispensaries can sell cannabis products to individuals 21 and older.

Where Can You Consume Cannabis?

• Private properties: Cannabis use is permitted on private property with the property owner’s consent.
• Prohibited areas: Consumption in public places, including parks, sidewalks, and businesses, is strictly forbidden.
• Rental properties: Landlords have the right to prohibit cannabis use on their premises.
• Vehicles: Using cannabis while driving or even having an open container of cannabis in a vehicle is illegal.

Medical Cannabis in Vermont

Vermont has had a medical marijuana program since 2004, providing legal cannabis access to patients with qualifying conditions.

Who Qualifies for Medical Marijuana?

To be eligible, a patient must have a diagnosed qualifying condition, such as:

• Cancer
• HIV/AIDS
• Multiple sclerosis
• Chronic pain
• PTSD
• Glaucoma

Obtaining a Medical Marijuana Card

Patients must register with the Vermont Marijuana Registry (VMR) and obtain a medical marijuana card. A doctor’s certification is required, verifying that the patient has a qualifying condition.

Medical vs. Recreational Cannabis: Key Differences

• Age Requirement: Medical marijuana patients can be younger than 21 if they meet eligibility requirements.
• Higher Possession Limits: Medical users can possess up to two ounces of cannabis.
• Tax Benefits: Medical cannabis purchases are exempt from Vermont’s 14% excise tax on recreational marijuana.
• Greater Product Access: Medical patients have access to higher potency products compared to recreational users.

Restrictions and Penalties

Although cannabis is legal in Vermont, certain actions can still lead to legal consequences.

Illegal Activities and Their Penalties

• Possession Over the Legal Limit: Carrying more than one ounce of cannabis can result in fines and legal charges.
• Illegal Sales: Only licensed retailers can sell cannabis. Unlicensed sales can lead to criminal charges.
• Driving Under the Influence (DUI): Driving while impaired by cannabis is illegal and carries similar penalties to alcohol-related DUIs, including fines, license suspension, and possible jail time.
• Crossing State Lines: Transporting cannabis across state lines is a federal offense, even if the destination state also has legal cannabis.

Can Employers Still Ban Cannabis Use?

Yes. Employers in Vermont can still enforce drug-free workplace policies, meaning employees can be disciplined or terminated for cannabis use, even if it occurs off-duty.

Cannabis and Federal Law

Despite state-level legalization, cannabis remains illegal under federal law. This means:

• Federal property (e.g., post offices, national parks) remains off-limits for cannabis use.
• Federal employees and military personnel cannot legally use cannabis, even in Vermont.
• Banking restrictions apply, making it difficult for cannabis businesses to access financial services.

Future of Cannabis Laws in Vermont

Vermont lawmakers continue to explore changes to cannabis regulations. Potential future developments include:

• Expanding social equity programs to help marginalized groups enter the cannabis industry.
• Adjusting tax policies to ensure competitive pricing against the black market.
• Legalizing cannabis delivery services to improve accessibility.

Conclusion

Cannabis is legal in Vermont for both recreational and medical use, but strict regulations apply. Adults 21 and older can legally possess and purchase cannabis, while medical patients enjoy expanded access and tax benefits. However, users must be mindful of public consumption bans, DUI laws, and federal restrictions. As Vermont’s cannabis policies evolve, staying informed about the latest regulations is crucial for responsible and legal use.